Attention Interference, Automatic Processing, and the...

The experiment tests whether conflict takes place between the automatic process of reading a word and the controlled process of naming the ink colour of the word by replicating a version of the Stroop effect. A sample of 20 volunteering participants, 10 men and 10 women, aged 18-69, took part in the experiment. Participants were given two conditions, one list with colour-related distractor words and one list with colour-neutral words. For each participant, time necessary to name the ink colour of the list of words was recorded per condition. The results showed that participants named the ink colours of neutral words faster than of colour-related distractor words ( Overall alpha level was .011). Therefore, we can say that participants’†¦show more content†¦Word meaning is processed involuntarily thereby slowing down colour naming as attention is divided. The Stroop effect was retested by using a list of semantically-related distractor words instead of colour words and a list of colour-neutral words. The one-tailed hypothesis is that reaction time between stimulus and response will be longer when colour-related words are in a colour that is incongruent with the word. The null hypothesis is that there will be no difference in the reaction time for the two lists. METHODS Design The experiment had a within-participant design. The dependent variable was the total time taken in seconds to name the colour of the ink of the 30 words in the list and was measured to the nearest second by the experimenter with a stopwatch. The independent variable was represented by two conditions which consisted of two lists of words with repeated colour scheme; one list with the incongruent distractor words and one list with colour-neutral words. In the experimental condition participants had to name the ink colour of colour-related distractor words which were incongruent with the words. In the control condition participants had to name the ink colour of colour-neutral words which were incongruent with the words. The conditions were counterbalanced to avoid order and practiseShow MoreRelatedThe Stroop Effect Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesThe Stroop effect is demonstrated by the reaction time to determine a color when the color is printed in a different color’s name. Participants respond slower or make more errors when the meaning of the word is incongruent with the color of the word. Despite knowing the meaning of the word, participants showed incapability of ignoring the stimulus attribute. This reflects a clear instance of semantic interference and an unfathomed failure of selective attention (Stroop, 1935). In the study of theRead MoreA Replication of the Stroop Effect1944 Words   |  8 PagesA Replication of the Stroop Effect Kimber-Ann Cook Broughton High School 3/26/08 Ms. Greene IB Psychology SL 1, 738 Abstract The Stroop (1935) effect is the inability to ignore a color word when the task is to report the ink color of that word (i.e., to say green to the word RED in green ink). The present study investigated whether object-based processing contributes to the Stroop effect. According to this view, observers are unable to ignore irrelevant features of an attended object (KahnemanRead MoreThe Effect Of Automatic And Controlled Processing On The Way Of Thinking1510 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction J.R. Stroop conducted an experiment in 1935, where he studied the difference of automatic and controlled processing through his experiment called the Stroop Effect . Automatic processing can be defined as an implicit way of thinking that is unconscious, while controlled processing is intentional. The experiment dealt with Stroop giving the participants two list in different conditions. While the participants read the lists, they were told to read them as fast as possible. In the firstRead MoreThe Stroop Effect2978 Words   |  12 PagesAbstract The aim of this experiment is to study autonomic processes by replicating the previously carried out Stroop effect by using numbers. A number of 180 random participants aged in between 18-89 were recruited to participate in this experiment. Participants were presented with a stroop experiment task sheet which consists of three parts which was the control, congruent and incongruent conditions. Time was taken and recorded for each participant to say out the number of stars in the control conditionRead MoreTesting of the Stroop Effect in Colour-Associated Words and Neutral Words1218 Words   |  5 PagesTesting of the Stroop effect in colour-associated words and neutral words Abstract Study examined the Stroop effect in words which are not colours, but represent related object connected to certain colours and whether that would yield similar or the same effect as the classic Stroop study. Previous studies such as Stroops (1935) found out a clash between controlled and automatic processing, which resulted in delayed answering. This experiment was conducted for 20 participants of both sexesRead MoreUnderstanding the Results: Breakdown of the Stroop Effect1199 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding the Results: The Breakdown of the Stroop Effect The beauty of science is the fact that it is not ever a complete certainty. There are times when an experiment might yield results that conflict with prior results in past experiments, which then forces the researcher to try to account for the possibility of new findings that lay outside the range of prior discourse. This is the case here, where a variation of the Stroop test was conducted, with atypical results. After coming to theseRead MoreThe Effect Of Automatic Processes Interfering With Controlled Processes1552 Words   |  7 Pageshow these instances could cause hindrances when processing information; this is an underlying problem and has been known as interference. When you have attention on more than one thing you may be experiencing interference and this can inhibit cognitive processes. The effects of automatic processes interfering with controlled processes have been known to have been tested through something called a Stroop experiment. The revolutionary study by, Stroop (1935) used 5 different colors; purple, brown,Read MoreThe Matter Of Paying Attention1494 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The matter of â€Å"paying attention† is based on a series of cognitive functions. Attention, itself, is the ability to concentrate on a task, and the allocation of processing resources (Young, 2016). An aspect of attention, selective attention, focuses on the mental vitality and flexibility of our brain (Cognitive Psychology Class Notes, n.d.). The response of two or more conflicting signals is located in the part of the brain called the, anterior cingulate (Pardo, Pardo, Janer, RaichleRead MoreEffects Of Automatic Word Reading And Identifying Direction1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Automatic Word Reading and Identifying Direction Whether it is the modern day issue of texting and driving or simply studying for an exam in a noisy room most people experience distraction every day. What people may not know is how those distractions cause interferences when processing information; this is the underlying problem and has been known to be tested through something called a Stroop experiment. From referencing the original Stroop test that examined the interference ofRead More Verbal Reaction Times Experiment Essay2632 Words   |  11 Pagesas the obtained value was much greater then the critical value. It can therefore be concluded that visual interference does affect peoples verbal reactions. Introduction In 1935 John Ridley Stroop published his Ph.D. thesis entitled Studies of Interference in Serial Verbal Reactions - the findings of which became known as the Stroop Effect. Stroop mentioned many studies in his work but the two that are most relevant for this report are Brown (1915) and